Applications and smartphones for measuring the height of trees in planted forest
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.4336/2022.pfb.42e202002113Keywords:
Measurement, Precision, EstimationAbstract
The present work had as objective to evaluate the accuracy of applications, smartphones and measurers in inferring the total height in a planted forest. Thirty trees were randomly selected, measured in a Tectona grandis stand, by three applications (Measure height, Two point height and Hypsometer), three smartphones (Samsung Galaxy S8, S6 and J7) and three measurers. The trees were logged and their real heights were obtained with a tape measure. To assess accuracy, a t-test for independent samples was performed, after verification of homogeneity of variances by Bartlett's test and normality by the Shapiro-Wilk test, all at 95% confidence levels. In addition, graphical analysis of residues was performed, as well as complementary statistics (bias, mean of absolute differences, standard deviation of differences and root of mean square error). We concluded that depending on the application used, there are smartphones that are not indicate for height measurement. The best-performing application is the Hypsometer. Galaxy S6 smartphone presented the best estimate, preferably for the Two point height application. The measurer experience was confirmed as essential requirement in height estimation using applications and smartphones.
Downloads
References
Bijak, S. & Sarzynski, J. Accuracy of smartphones applications in the field Measure of tree height. Folia Forestalia Polonica, v. 57, n. 4, p. 240-244. 2015. https://doi.org/10.1515/ffp-2015-0025.
Curto, R. de A. et al. Operacionalidade de aplicativos de Smartphones para mensuração de altura de árvores em região de ecótono Cerrado-Amazônia. Revista Nativa, v. 7, n. 2, p. 218-225, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.31413/nativa.v7i2.6310.
Curto, R de A. et al. Treinamento na estimativa da altura de árvores de grande porte em floresta inequiânea. Scientia Agraria Paranaensis, v. 17, n. 2, p. 170-176, 2018.
Deskis OU. Measure height. 2014. Aplicativo. Disponível em: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=ee.deskis.android.height. Acesso em: 27 out. 2018.
Gichamba, A. & Lukandu, I. A. A model for designing m-agriculture applications for dairy farming. The African Journal of Information Systems, v. 4, n. 4, 2012.
Harfouche, T. B. et al. Uso de aplicativos em Smartphone para medições de árvores. Biofix Scientific Journal, v. 4, n. 1, p. 07-15, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/biofix.v4i1.62532.
Lauro, A. C. et al. Operacionalidade de instrumentos na obtenção de altura total de árvores em sistema agrossilvipastoril. Advances in Forestry Science, v. 5, n. 4, p. 445-451, 2018.
Machado, S. A. & Figueiredo Filho, A. Dendrometria. 2. ed. Guarapuava: UNICENTRO, 2014. 316 p.
Makinosoft. Hypsometer. 2017. Aplicativo.. Disponível em: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=makino.android.hypsometer. Acesso em: 27 out. 2018.
Mayrinck, R. C. et al. Avaliação de hipsômetros e operadores na mensuração de árvores de Eucalyptus urograndis de tamanhos diferentes. Revista Verde de Agroecologia e Desenvolvimento Sustentável, v. 11, n. 5, p. 90-94, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18378/rvads.v11i5.3976.
Mota, L. L. et al. Balanço hídrico climatológico e classificação climática da região de Sinop, Mato Grosso. Scientific Eletronic Archives, v. 3, p. 38-44, 2013.
Oliveira, W. S. & Gonçalves, E. N. Implementação em c: filtro de Kalman, fusão de sensores para determinação de ângulos. For Science, v. 5, n. 3, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.29069/forscience.2017v5n3.e287.
Omega Centauri Software. Two point height. 2014. Aplicativo. Disponível em: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=mobi.omegacentauri.twopoint&hl=en_US. Acesso em: 27 out. 2018.
Silva, G. F. et al. Avaliação de métodos de medição de altura em florestas naturais. Revista Árvore, v. 36, n. 2, p. 341-348, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-67622012000200015.
Silva, G. F. et al. Simulação de erros na medição de altura de árvores inclinadas com aparelhos baseados em princípios trigonométricos. Revista Nativa, v. 5, n. 5, p. 372-379, 2017. https://dx.doi.org/10.5935/2318-7670.v05n05a12.
Snedecor, G. W. & Cochran, W. G. Statistical methods. 8th ed. Lowa: Lowa State University Press, 1989. 247 p.
Torres, M. Phone tester. 2016. Aplicativo. Disponível em: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id= com.mtorres.phonetester&hl=en_US. Acesso em: 27 out. 2018.
Viana, J. H. M. et al. Caracterização dos solos do sítio experimental dos ensaios do Projeto Safrinha em Sinop - MT. Sete Lagoas: Embrapa Milho e Sorgo, 2015. 20 p. (Embrapa Milho e Sorgo. Comunicado técnico, 210). Disponível em: https://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1021201.
Villasante, A. & Fernandez, C. Measurement errors in the use of smartphones as low-cost forestry hypsometers. Silva Fennica, v. 48, n. 5, p. 1-11, 2014. https://dx.doi.org/10.14214/sf.1114.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Rafaella De Angeli Curto, Mônica Ferreira Pinto, Charlote Wink, Emanuel José Gomes de Araújo, Sintia Valerio Kohler
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Pesquisa Florestal Brasileira (PFB) licenses all its published content under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0).
- Copyright: Authors maintain the copyright to their work. PFB holds the right to the first publication, and use rights under the specific Creative Commons deed.
- Editing and revision: PFB reserves the right to edit the original manuscript to ensure conformity with the standards, spelling and grammar of the Portuguese language, while respecting the style of the author(s). The final version of the text shall be sent to the corresponding author for approval prior to publication.
- Sharing and reuse: The CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 license permits sharing of the article in its original version, as long as credit is given to the journal and the authors and the material is not used for commercial purposes. No alterations or adaptations of the original content are permitted.
- Figures and illustrations: Figures and illustrations published in PFB may only be used with express prior authorization from Embrapa Forestry.
- Disclaimer: The opinions and beliefs expressed in the texts published herein are the exclusive responsibility of their respective authors and not PFB.
The originals texts published in Pesquisa Florestal Brasileira are provided under 