Biomass and seasonality of fine roots of Eastern Amazon Savannas
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.4336/2017.pfb.37.92.1382Keywords:
Dry season, Root systems, RhizosphereAbstract
The objective of this work was to compare the biomass of fine roots in different physiognomies evaluating the influence of seasonality at the Amazon savannas located in Amapá and Pará States. Soil samples were collected in five positions, from 10 to 50 cm deep. Three points were allocated at typical savanna (Cerrado sensu stricto), 4 at open savanna (Campo Cerrado) and 2 at natural grassland (Campo Limpo). At each point 4 replications were performed. The influence of seasonality was verified only in Campo Cerrado in April (rainfall peak), July (end of rainy season) and October (peak of drought) of 2010 and in January of 2011 (beginning of rainy season). The physiognomies were differentiated by root mass when analyzed under different diametric classes of roots and different depths. The largest mass of fine roots occurred at the peak of the dry season. These results suggest different strategies in finest roots allocation in different physiognomies and soil depths and differences of roots dynamics to increase absorption potential during dry season.Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
References
Bacerra, J. A. B. et al. Relação do padrão sazonal da vegetação com a precipitação na região de cerrado da Amazônia Legal, usando índices espectrais de vegetação. Revista Brasileira de Meteorologia, v. 24, p. 125-134, 2009. DOI: 10.1590/S0102-77862009000200002.
Barbosa, R. I. & Miranda, I. S. Biodiversidade das Savanas de Roraima. Ação Ambiental, v. 32, p. 19-23, 2005.
Barbosa, R. I. et al. Reproductive phenology of the main tree species in the Roraima savanna, brazilian amazon. Ecotropica, v. 18, p. 81-92, 2012a.
Barbosa, I. R. et al. Root biomass, root: shoot ratio and belowground carbon stocks in the open savannahs of Roraima, Brazilian Amazonia. Australian Journal of Botany, v. 60, p. 405-416, 2012b. DOI: 10.1071/BT11312.
Blair, B. C. & Perfecto, I. Nutrient content and substrate effect on fine root density and size distribution in a Nicaraguan rain forest. Biotropica, v. 33, p. 697-701, 2001. DOI: 10.1646/0006-3606(2001)033[0697:NCASEO]2.0.CO;2.
Brassard, B. W. et al. Tree species diversity increases fine root productivity through increased soil volume filling. Journal of Ecology, v. 101, n. 1, p. 210-219, 2013. DOI: 10.1111/1365-2745.12023.
Bucci, S. J. et al. Mechanisms contributing to seasonal homeostasis of minimum leaf water potential and predawn disequilibrium between soil and plant water potential in Neotropical savanna. Trees, v. 19, p. 296-304, 2004. DOI: 10.1007/s00468-004-0391-2.
Chen, X. et al. Seasonal patterns of fine-root productivity and turnover in a tropical savanna of northern Australia. Journal of Tropical Ecology, v. 20, p. 221-224, 2004. DOI: 10.1017/S0266467403001135.
Costa Neto, S. V. et al. Flora das savanas do estado do Amapá. In: Bastos, A. M. et al. (Org.). Conhecimento e manejo sustentável da biodiversidade amapaense. São Paulo: Edgard Blücher, 2017. p. 61-90.
Delitti, W. B. C. et al. Belowground biomass seasonal variation in two Neotropical savannahs (Brazilian Cerrados) with different fire histories. Annual Forest Science, v. 58, p. 713-721, 2001. DOI: 10.1051/forest:2001158.
Eissenstat, D. M. et al. Building roots in a changing environment: implications for root longevity. New Phytologist, v. 147, p. 33-42, 2000.
Fidelis, A. et al. Above-and below-ground biomass and carbon dynamics in Brazilian Cerrado wet grasslands. Journal of Vegetation Science, v. 24, p. 356-364, 2012. DOI: 10.1111/j.1654-1103.2012.01465.x.
Finér, L. et al. Fine root production and turnover in forest ecosystems in relation to stand and environmental characteristics. Forest Ecology and Management, v. 262, n. 11, p. 2008-2023, 2011. DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2011.08.042.
Freitas, T. A. S. et al. Dinâmica de raízes de espécies arbóreas: visão da literatura. Ciência Florestal, v. 18, p. 133-142, 2008.
Gill, R. & Jackson, R. B. Global patterns of root turnover for terrestrial ecosystems. New Phytologist, v. 147, p. 13-31, 2000.
Leão, F. M. et al. Fine root biomass in gaps of "˜Terra Firme´ forest in eastern Amazonia. Revista de Ciências Agrárias, v. 57, p. 130-137, 2014.
Lima, T. T. S. et al. Effects of water and nutrient availability on fine root growth in eastern Amazonian forest regrowth, Brazil. New Phytologist, v. 187, p. 622-630, 2010. DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03299.x.
Lima, T. T. S. et al. Fine-root production in two secondary forest sites with distinct ages in Eastern Amazon. Acta Amazonica, v. 42, p. 95-104, 2012.
Metcalfe, D. B. et al. The effects of water availability on root growth and morphology in an Amazon rainforest. Plant and Soil, v. 311, p. 189-199, 2008. DOI: 10.1007/s11104-008-9670-9.
Miranda, I. S. Phenology of the arboreal stratum of a savanna community at Alter do Ch.o, PA. Revista Brasileira de Botanica, v. 18, n. 2, p. 235-240, 1995.
Miranda, S. C. et al. Regional variations in biomass distribution in brazilian savanna woodland. Biotropica, v. 46, p. 125-138, 2014. DOI: 10.1111/btp.12095.
Moraes, B. C. et al. Variação espacial e temporal da precipitação no Estado do Pará. Acta Amazonica, v. 35, p. 207-214, 2005.
Morais, V. A. et al. Carbon and biomass stock in a fragment of cerradão in Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Cerne, v. 19, p. 237-245, 2012. DOI: 10.1590/S0104-77602013000200007.
Navroski, M. C. et al. Quantificação de biomassa e comprimento de raízes finas em povoamento de Eucalyptus cloeziana F. Muell. Revista Brasileira de Ciências Agrárias, v. 5, p. 535-540, 2010.
Oliveira, R. S. et al. Deep root function in soil water dynamics in cerrado savanas of central Brazil. Functional Ecology, v. 19, p. 574-581, 2005. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2435.2005.01003.x.
Paiva, A. O. et al. Estoque de carbono em cerrado sensu stricto do Distrito Federal. Revista Árvore, v. 35, p. 527-538, 2011.
Pivello, V. R. Manejo de fragmentos de cerrado: princípios para a conservação da biodiversidade. In: Scariot, A. et al. (Ed.). Cerrado: ecologia, biodiversidade e conservação. Brasília, DF: Ministério do Meio Ambiente, 2005. p. 403-413.
Rabelo, B. V. (Coord.). Macrodiagnóstico do Estado do Amapá: primeira aproximação do ZEE. Macapá: IEPA, 2008. 140 p.
Rodrigues, T. E. et al. Caracterização e classificação dos solos do Campo Experimental do cerrado da Embrapa do Amapá, Estado do Amapá. Belém, PA: Embrapa Amazônia Oriental, 2000. 37 p. (Embrapa Amazônia Oriental. Documentos, 43).
Rocha, A. E. S. & Miranda, I. S. Cobertura vegetal, biomassa aérea e teor de proteína do estrato herbáceo de ambiente savânico no município de Maracanã, Pará, Brasil. Revista Brasileira de Biociências, v. 10, n. 4, p. 513-520, 2012.
Rosado, B. H. P. et al. Fine root biomass and root length density in a lowland and a montane tropical rain Forest, SP, Brazil. Biota Neotropica, v. 11, p. 203-209, 2011. DOI: 10.1590/S1676-06032011000300018.
Wright, S. J. et al. Potassium, phosphorus, or nitrogen limit root allocation, tree growth, or litter production in a lowland tropical forest. Ecology, v. 92, n. 8, 1616-1625, 2011. DOI: 10.1890/10-1558.1.
Barbosa, R. I. & Miranda, I. S. Biodiversidade das Savanas de Roraima. Ação Ambiental, v. 32, p. 19-23, 2005.
Barbosa, R. I. et al. Reproductive phenology of the main tree species in the Roraima savanna, brazilian amazon. Ecotropica, v. 18, p. 81-92, 2012a.
Barbosa, I. R. et al. Root biomass, root: shoot ratio and belowground carbon stocks in the open savannahs of Roraima, Brazilian Amazonia. Australian Journal of Botany, v. 60, p. 405-416, 2012b. DOI: 10.1071/BT11312.
Blair, B. C. & Perfecto, I. Nutrient content and substrate effect on fine root density and size distribution in a Nicaraguan rain forest. Biotropica, v. 33, p. 697-701, 2001. DOI: 10.1646/0006-3606(2001)033[0697:NCASEO]2.0.CO;2.
Brassard, B. W. et al. Tree species diversity increases fine root productivity through increased soil volume filling. Journal of Ecology, v. 101, n. 1, p. 210-219, 2013. DOI: 10.1111/1365-2745.12023.
Bucci, S. J. et al. Mechanisms contributing to seasonal homeostasis of minimum leaf water potential and predawn disequilibrium between soil and plant water potential in Neotropical savanna. Trees, v. 19, p. 296-304, 2004. DOI: 10.1007/s00468-004-0391-2.
Chen, X. et al. Seasonal patterns of fine-root productivity and turnover in a tropical savanna of northern Australia. Journal of Tropical Ecology, v. 20, p. 221-224, 2004. DOI: 10.1017/S0266467403001135.
Costa Neto, S. V. et al. Flora das savanas do estado do Amapá. In: Bastos, A. M. et al. (Org.). Conhecimento e manejo sustentável da biodiversidade amapaense. São Paulo: Edgard Blücher, 2017. p. 61-90.
Delitti, W. B. C. et al. Belowground biomass seasonal variation in two Neotropical savannahs (Brazilian Cerrados) with different fire histories. Annual Forest Science, v. 58, p. 713-721, 2001. DOI: 10.1051/forest:2001158.
Eissenstat, D. M. et al. Building roots in a changing environment: implications for root longevity. New Phytologist, v. 147, p. 33-42, 2000.
Fidelis, A. et al. Above-and below-ground biomass and carbon dynamics in Brazilian Cerrado wet grasslands. Journal of Vegetation Science, v. 24, p. 356-364, 2012. DOI: 10.1111/j.1654-1103.2012.01465.x.
Finér, L. et al. Fine root production and turnover in forest ecosystems in relation to stand and environmental characteristics. Forest Ecology and Management, v. 262, n. 11, p. 2008-2023, 2011. DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2011.08.042.
Freitas, T. A. S. et al. Dinâmica de raízes de espécies arbóreas: visão da literatura. Ciência Florestal, v. 18, p. 133-142, 2008.
Gill, R. & Jackson, R. B. Global patterns of root turnover for terrestrial ecosystems. New Phytologist, v. 147, p. 13-31, 2000.
Leão, F. M. et al. Fine root biomass in gaps of "˜Terra Firme´ forest in eastern Amazonia. Revista de Ciências Agrárias, v. 57, p. 130-137, 2014.
Lima, T. T. S. et al. Effects of water and nutrient availability on fine root growth in eastern Amazonian forest regrowth, Brazil. New Phytologist, v. 187, p. 622-630, 2010. DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03299.x.
Lima, T. T. S. et al. Fine-root production in two secondary forest sites with distinct ages in Eastern Amazon. Acta Amazonica, v. 42, p. 95-104, 2012.
Metcalfe, D. B. et al. The effects of water availability on root growth and morphology in an Amazon rainforest. Plant and Soil, v. 311, p. 189-199, 2008. DOI: 10.1007/s11104-008-9670-9.
Miranda, I. S. Phenology of the arboreal stratum of a savanna community at Alter do Ch.o, PA. Revista Brasileira de Botanica, v. 18, n. 2, p. 235-240, 1995.
Miranda, S. C. et al. Regional variations in biomass distribution in brazilian savanna woodland. Biotropica, v. 46, p. 125-138, 2014. DOI: 10.1111/btp.12095.
Moraes, B. C. et al. Variação espacial e temporal da precipitação no Estado do Pará. Acta Amazonica, v. 35, p. 207-214, 2005.
Morais, V. A. et al. Carbon and biomass stock in a fragment of cerradão in Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Cerne, v. 19, p. 237-245, 2012. DOI: 10.1590/S0104-77602013000200007.
Navroski, M. C. et al. Quantificação de biomassa e comprimento de raízes finas em povoamento de Eucalyptus cloeziana F. Muell. Revista Brasileira de Ciências Agrárias, v. 5, p. 535-540, 2010.
Oliveira, R. S. et al. Deep root function in soil water dynamics in cerrado savanas of central Brazil. Functional Ecology, v. 19, p. 574-581, 2005. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2435.2005.01003.x.
Paiva, A. O. et al. Estoque de carbono em cerrado sensu stricto do Distrito Federal. Revista Árvore, v. 35, p. 527-538, 2011.
Pivello, V. R. Manejo de fragmentos de cerrado: princípios para a conservação da biodiversidade. In: Scariot, A. et al. (Ed.). Cerrado: ecologia, biodiversidade e conservação. Brasília, DF: Ministério do Meio Ambiente, 2005. p. 403-413.
Rabelo, B. V. (Coord.). Macrodiagnóstico do Estado do Amapá: primeira aproximação do ZEE. Macapá: IEPA, 2008. 140 p.
Rodrigues, T. E. et al. Caracterização e classificação dos solos do Campo Experimental do cerrado da Embrapa do Amapá, Estado do Amapá. Belém, PA: Embrapa Amazônia Oriental, 2000. 37 p. (Embrapa Amazônia Oriental. Documentos, 43).
Rocha, A. E. S. & Miranda, I. S. Cobertura vegetal, biomassa aérea e teor de proteína do estrato herbáceo de ambiente savânico no município de Maracanã, Pará, Brasil. Revista Brasileira de Biociências, v. 10, n. 4, p. 513-520, 2012.
Rosado, B. H. P. et al. Fine root biomass and root length density in a lowland and a montane tropical rain Forest, SP, Brazil. Biota Neotropica, v. 11, p. 203-209, 2011. DOI: 10.1590/S1676-06032011000300018.
Wright, S. J. et al. Potassium, phosphorus, or nitrogen limit root allocation, tree growth, or litter production in a lowland tropical forest. Ecology, v. 92, n. 8, 1616-1625, 2011. DOI: 10.1890/10-1558.1.
Downloads
Published
2017-12-29
How to Cite
BRAGA, Elayne Oliveira; ROCHA, Antônio Elielson Sousa; COSTA NETO, Salustiano Vilar; LIMA, Tâmara Thaiz Santana; COSTA, Luiz Gonzaga Silva; MIRANDA, Izildinha de Souza. Biomass and seasonality of fine roots of Eastern Amazon Savannas. Pesquisa Florestal Brasileira, [S. l.], v. 37, n. 92, p. 475–483, 2017. DOI: 10.4336/2017.pfb.37.92.1382. Disponível em: https://pfb.sede.embrapa.br/pfb/article/view/1382. Acesso em: 19 apr. 2025.
Issue
Section
Articles
License
PFB reserves the right to edit manuscripts to correct grammar/spelling, improve clarity, and comply with the journal’s standards while maintaining the style of the authors.
The final version will be sent to the corresponding author for approval.
Published articles become the property of PFB.
Manuscripts may be used after publication without prior authorization from PFB, as long as the journal is credited.
Warning: figures published in PFB may only be reused with prior authorization from Embrapa Forestry.
All content in PFB is licensed under Creative Commons attribution (type BY-NC-ND).
The opinions and concepts expressed in manuscripts are the sole responsibility of their respective authors and not PFB.
Os originais publicados na Pesquisa Florestal Brasileira estão disponibilizados de acordo com uma Licença 