Diretrizes voluntárias da FAO para o monitoramento florestal nacional e seus possíveis efeitos nas ações de mensuração, relato e verificação no âmbito do REDD+
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.4336/2017.pfb.37.91.1344Palavras-chave:
Mudança de clima, Níveis de referência, Monitoramento de florestasResumo
Durante a 23ª Sessão do Comitê Florestal da FAO (COFO 23) ocorrida em julho de 2016, foram aprovadas as diretrizes voluntárias para monitoramento florestal nacional. Essas diretrizes foram desenvolvidas para dar suporte aos países membros da FAO no andamento e implementação de seu sistema nacional de monitoramento florestal (SNMF). No contexto da Convenção do Clima da ONU (UNFCCC), a decisão 1/CP.16 encorajou os países em desenvolvimento a implementarem ações visando REDD+, e requereu, inter alia: i) o desenvolvimento de um nível de referência para emissões florestais e/ou um nível de referência florestal (FREL/REL), como linha de base para os relatórios de redução de emissões, e ii) um SNMF transparente e robusto. Esse trabalho examina a análise técnica da Convenção do Clima dos FREL/REL submetidos por seis países em relação à s necessidades técnicas para a implementação do SNMF. A análise sugere a conveniência do aprimoramento da obtenção dos dados básicos de campo para estabelecer a qualidade das estimativas das mudanças das emissões florestais, visando complementar as estimativas de estoque de carbono e para estimar as incertezas associadas. O planejamento estratégico e técnico do SNMF também é fundamental para se atingir os níveis de preparação aceitáveis para a mensuração, relato e verificação do sistema de REDD+ e as diretrizes voluntárias da FAO
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Referências
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FAO. Committee on Forestry. Voluntary guidelines on national forest monitoring. Rome, 2014. 17 p. Twenty-second session. Available from: < http://www.fao.org/3/a-mk174e.pdf>. Access on: Jul. 27, 2016.
FAO. Committee on Forestry. Voluntary guidelines on national forest monitoring. Rome, 2016. 75 p. Twenty-third session. Available from: <http://foris.fao.org/static/cofo/MQ482e.7.2.pdf>. Access on: Jul. 27, 2016.
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Global Forest Observations Initiative. Integration of remote-sensing and ground-based observations to estimate emissions and removals of greenhouse gases in forests: methods and guidance from the Global Initiative Observing Forests. Geneva, 2014. 163 p.
Herold, M. et al. A review of methods to measure and monitor historical carbon emissions from forest degradation. Unasyilva, v. 62, p. 16-24, 2011.
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Penman, J. et al. (Ed.). Good practice guidance for land use, land-use change and forestry. Hayama: IGES, IPCC, 2003. 590 p.
Saket, M. Gaps in national-level information on forests and trees in developing countries. Unasylva, v. 53, p. 24-27, 2002. Available from: <http://www.fao.org/docrep/005/y4001e/Y4001E06.htm#P0_0>. Access on: Jul. 31. 2017.
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United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. Report of the Conference of the Parties on its seventeenth session, held in Durban from 28 November to 11 December 2011. [Durban], 2012. 12/CP.17. Available from: <http://unfccc.int/resource/docs/2011/cop17/eng/09a02.pdf#page=16>. Access on. Jul. 31, 2017.
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. Report of the Conference of the Parties on its sixteenth session, held in Cancun from 29 November to 10 December 2010. [S.l.], 2011. 1/CP.16. Available from: <http://unfccc.int/resource/docs/2010/cop16/eng/07a01.pdf#page=2>. Access on: Jul. 31, 2017.
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. Report of the Conference of the Parties on its nineteenth session, held in Warsaw from 11 to 23 November 2013. [S.l.], 2014c. 14/CP.19. Available from: http://unfccc.int/resource/docs/2013/cop19/eng/10a01.pdf#page=39. Access on: Jul. 31, 2017.
FAO. Assessing forest degradation: towards the development of globally applicable guidelines. Rome, 2011. 99 p. (Forest Resources Assessment. Working paper, 117). Available from: <http://www.fao.org/3/a-i2479e.pdf>. Access on: Aug. 26, 2016.
FAO. Committee on Forestry. Voluntary guidelines on national forest monitoring. Rome, 2014. 17 p. Twenty-second session. Available from: < http://www.fao.org/3/a-mk174e.pdf>. Access on: Jul. 27, 2016.
FAO. Committee on Forestry. Voluntary guidelines on national forest monitoring. Rome, 2016. 75 p. Twenty-third session. Available from: <http://foris.fao.org/static/cofo/MQ482e.7.2.pdf>. Access on: Jul. 27, 2016.
FAO. Global Forest Resources Assessment 2010: main report. Rome, 2010. 340 p. (FAO forestry paper, 163). Available from: <http://www.fao.org/docrep/013/i1757e/i1757e.pdf>. Access on: Jul. 27, 2016.
FAO. Voluntary guidelines on national forest monitoring. Rome, 2017. 71 p. <Available from: http://www.fao.org/3/a-i6767e.pdf>. Acess on: Jul. 27, 2017.
Global Forest Observations Initiative. Integration of remote-sensing and ground-based observations to estimate emissions and removals of greenhouse gases in forests: methods and guidance from the Global Initiative Observing Forests. Geneva, 2014. 163 p.
Herold, M. et al. A review of methods to measure and monitor historical carbon emissions from forest degradation. Unasyilva, v. 62, p. 16-24, 2011.
Houghton, J. et al. (Ed.). Directrices del IPCC para los inventarios nacionales de gases de efecto invernadero: versión revisada en 1996. Reino Unido: IPCC, OCDE, AIE, 1997. v. 2. Libro de trabajo para el inventario de gases de efecto invernadero.
MacDicken, K. G. et al. Global progress toward sustainable forest management. Forest Ecology and Management, v. 352, p. 47-56, 2015. DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2015.02.005.
Morales-Hidalgo, D. et al. General principles to be taken in consideration in a national forest monitoring system. In: INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE: problems of forest inventory and forest management planning, 4., 2014, Irkutsk, Russian Federation. [Papers]. Roslesinforg: Federal Forestry Agency, FSUE, 2014.
Pandey, D. National forest monitoring for REDD+ in India. In: Mora, B. et al. (Ed.). Capacity development in national forest monitoring: experiences and progress for REDD+. Bogor Barat: CIFOR, 2012. p. 19-26.
Penman, J. et al. (Ed.). Good practice guidance for land use, land-use change and forestry. Hayama: IGES, IPCC, 2003. 590 p.
Saket, M. Gaps in national-level information on forests and trees in developing countries. Unasylva, v. 53, p. 24-27, 2002. Available from: <http://www.fao.org/docrep/005/y4001e/Y4001E06.htm#P0_0>. Access on: Jul. 31. 2017.
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. Key decisions relevant for reducing emission from deforestation and forest degradation in developing countries (REDD+): decision booklet REDD+. [S.l.], 2014a. Available from: <https://unfccc.int/files/methods/application/pdf/compilation_redd_decision_booklet_v1.1.pdf>. Access on: Jul. 31, 2017.
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. Report of the Conference of the Parties on its fifteenth session, held in Copenhagen from 7 to 19 December 2009. [Copenhagen], 2010. Available from: <http://unfccc.int/resource/docs/2009/cop15/eng/11a01.pdf#page=11>. Access on: Aug. 26, 2016.
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. Report of the Conference of the Parties on its nineteenth session, held in Warsaw from 11 to 23 November 2013. [S.l.], 2014b. 11/CP.19. Available from: <http://unfccc.int/resource/docs/2013/cop19/eng/10a01.pdf#page=31>. Access on: Jul. 31, 2017.
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. Report of the Conference of the Parties on its seventeenth session, held in Durban from 28 November to 11 December 2011. [Durban], 2012. 12/CP.17. Available from: <http://unfccc.int/resource/docs/2011/cop17/eng/09a02.pdf#page=16>. Access on. Jul. 31, 2017.
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. Report of the Conference of the Parties on its sixteenth session, held in Cancun from 29 November to 10 December 2010. [S.l.], 2011. 1/CP.16. Available from: <http://unfccc.int/resource/docs/2010/cop16/eng/07a01.pdf#page=2>. Access on: Jul. 31, 2017.
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. Report of the Conference of the Parties on its nineteenth session, held in Warsaw from 11 to 23 November 2013. [S.l.], 2014c. 14/CP.19. Available from: http://unfccc.int/resource/docs/2013/cop19/eng/10a01.pdf#page=39. Access on: Jul. 31, 2017.
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Publicado
29-09-2017
Como Citar
RAMIREZ-ZEA, Carla; MORALES-HIDALGO, David. Diretrizes voluntárias da FAO para o monitoramento florestal nacional e seus possíveis efeitos nas ações de mensuração, relato e verificação no âmbito do REDD+. Pesquisa Florestal Brasileira, [S. l.], v. 37, n. 91, p. 381–391, 2017. DOI: 10.4336/2017.pfb.37.91.1344. Disponível em: https://pfb.sede.embrapa.br/pfb/article/view/1344. Acesso em: 11 dez. 2025.
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